Resume examples
CV vs Resume: What Is the Difference?
A clear explanation of CV vs resume, when to use each document, and how terminology changes by country and industry.
By Maya Hart - Updated April 25, 2026 - 2 min read
In the United States, a resume is usually a concise job application document focused on relevant experience. A CV is usually longer and used for academic, research, medical, or international contexts. In many countries outside the U.S., CV simply means the standard job application document.
That difference matters because sending the wrong type of document can make your application feel misaligned.
CV vs resume at a glance
| Document | Typical use | Typical length | Main focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resume | Private-sector job applications in the U.S. | 1-2 pages | Relevant experience, skills, achievements |
| Academic CV | Academic, research, medical, grants, fellowships | 2+ pages | Publications, teaching, research, grants, presentations |
| International CV | Many non-U.S. job markets | Varies | Often similar to a resume, depending on country |
What belongs on a resume?
A resume usually includes:
- Contact information.
- Professional summary.
- Work experience.
- Skills.
- Education.
- Certifications or projects when relevant.
It should be tailored to one target role. You do not need to include every publication, talk, course, or older job unless it supports the target role.
What belongs on an academic CV?
An academic CV may include:
- Education.
- Research experience.
- Publications.
- Conference presentations.
- Teaching experience.
- Grants and awards.
- Professional memberships.
- Academic service.
- References, if requested.
Unlike a resume, an academic CV is designed to be comprehensive.
Country differences
If a job posting uses the word CV, check the country and industry context. A London job posting asking for a CV may expect a standard professional application document. A U.S. university asking for a CV likely expects an academic document.
For U.S. private-sector roles, resume is usually the safer term.
Should you create both?
Create both if you apply across different markets or role types. Keep a concise resume for corporate applications and a complete CV for academic or research opportunities.
FAQ
Is a CV longer than a resume?
In the U.S., usually yes. An academic CV can be much longer because it lists scholarly output and credentials.
Do employers use CV and resume interchangeably?
Sometimes, especially internationally. Always follow the wording and expectations of the job posting.
Should I put a photo on my CV?
For most U.S. roles, no. In some countries it may be common, but local norms vary.
Sources
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